Visiting a new country is always an exciting adventure, but it’s important to familiarize yourself with the local customs and etiquette to ensure a smooth and respectful experience. When it comes to traveling to Turkey, a culturally rich and diverse destination, there are a few key etiquettes that every visitor should be aware of. From customary greetings and dining etiquette to religious observances and appropriate dress codes, understanding and respecting the local customs will not only help you navigate the local culture but also leave a positive impression on the friendly locals. So, before you embark on your Turkish adventure, let’s take a closer look at the local etiquettes that will make your trip even more enjoyable!
Table Manners
Eating with your hands
In Turkey, it is common and perfectly acceptable to eat certain foods with your hands. This includes dishes like kebabs, pide (Turkish pizza), and gözleme (stuffed flatbread). Using your hands to enjoy these delicacies is not only a fun and authentic experience but also a way to connect with the local culture. However, it is best to avoid eating with your hands in formal settings or when dining at more upscale restaurants.
Leaving a bit of food on your plate
When dining in Turkey, it is customary to leave a small amount of food on your plate, as this signifies that you have had enough to eat and are satisfied. Finishing every last bite may be interpreted as a sign that you are still hungry and could potentially offend your host. Remember, it’s all about striking a balance and showing respect for the food you have been served.
Offering to share food
One of the beautiful aspects of Turkish culture is its emphasis on hospitality and communal dining. It is common for Turkish people to share food with others at the table, especially when dining with friends or family. If you have a dish or a delectable treat in front of you, don’t hesitate to offer a bite to your fellow diners. Sharing not only enhances the dining experience but also fosters a sense of connection and togetherness.
Avoiding gestures with your left hand
In Turkish culture, the left hand is often considered unclean or impolite, so it is best to avoid using it for gestures such as passing food, shaking hands, or pointing. Instead, always use your right hand for these actions to show respect and politeness. Being mindful of this cultural practice will help you navigate social situations with ease and avoid unintentional offense.
Greetings and Politeness
Greeting with a handshake
When meeting someone for the first time in Turkey, it is customary to greet them with a handshake. A firm but not overly strong handshake is generally preferred. Additionally, it is common to greet the elderly or those in positions of authority with a slight nod of the head or a small bow.
Addressing people by their proper titles
In Turkish culture, it is important to address individuals using their proper titles or honorifics. For example, if someone has a professional or academic title, such as “doctor” or “professor,” it is respectful to address them as such. Similarly, older individuals are often addressed as “abi” (elder brother) or “abla” (elder sister) as a sign of respect.
Using ‘please’ and ‘thank you’ frequently
Politeness is highly valued in Turkish culture, so it is important to use ‘please’ (lütfen) and ‘thank you’ (teşekkür ederim) frequently. Whether you are ordering food, asking for directions, or receiving assistance, expressing gratitude and using polite language will go a long way in making a positive impression.
Showing respect to the elderly
In Turkey, respect for elders is deeply ingrained in the culture. It is customary to show deference to older individuals by offering them a seat or letting them enter a room first. Engaging in conversation with the elderly and listening attentively to their stories and wisdom is also regarded as a sign of respect.
Dress Code
Dressing modestly, especially in religious sites
When visiting religious sites in Turkey, it is important to dress modestly out of respect for the sacredness of these places. Both men and women should avoid wearing revealing clothing, such as shorts, miniskirts, or tank tops, and instead opt for clothing that covers the shoulders, chest, and knees. It is also advisable for women to carry a scarf to cover their heads if necessary.
Covering shoulders and legs when entering mosques
Entering a mosque is an opportunity to experience the rich spiritual and architectural heritage of Turkey. To show respect, both men and women should cover their shoulders and legs before entering a mosque. It is traditional for women to wear a headscarf, but it is not mandatory unless explicitly specified by the mosque’s rules.
Removing shoes when entering someone’s home
When visiting someone’s home in Turkey, it is customary to remove your shoes before entering. This is a hygienic practice and a sign of respect for the cleanliness of the host’s home. If you are unsure whether to remove your shoes, observe if the host or other guests have taken off their shoes and follow suit.
Personal Space and Body Language
Respecting personal space
Respecting personal space is important in Turkish culture. When engaging in conversation, maintain a comfortable physical distance of about an arm’s length. Avoid standing too close or touching someone unless you have a close personal relationship with them.
Not showing the soles of your feet
In Turkish culture, showing the soles of your feet is considered impolite and disrespectful. Avoid pointing your feet towards others, especially in formal or religious settings. When sitting, it is best to keep your feet on the ground or crossed at the ankles rather than crossed with the sole facing anyone.
Avoiding prolonged eye contact with the opposite sex
In Turkey, traditional gender roles and modesty norms mean that prolonged eye contact with the opposite sex can be seen as flirtatious or inappropriate. While it is acceptable and encouraged to make eye contact during conversation, be aware of cultural expectations and maintain a level of modesty.
Keeping a modest demeanor
Modesty and humility are highly valued in Turkish culture, so it is important to maintain a modest demeanor in both your appearance and behavior. Avoid boasting, being overly loud or brash, and drawing excessive attention to yourself. Instead, opt for a humble and respectful approach in social interactions.
Hospitality and Gift-giving
Accepting beverages or snacks when offered
When visiting someone’s home or being invited to a social gathering, it is customary to accept beverages or snacks when they are offered to you. This gesture reflects the host’s hospitality and demonstrates your appreciation for their kindness. Even if you are not particularly hungry or thirsty, accepting the offer in a gracious manner is important.
Bringing a small gift when visiting someone’s home
When visiting a Turkish household, it is considered polite to bring a small gift as a token of appreciation for the hospitality extended to you. This could be a box of sweets, a bouquet of flowers, or a small souvenir from your home country. It is the thought and gesture that matters most, so choose something meaningful and culturally appropriate.
Presenting gifts with both hands
When presenting a gift in Turkey, it is customary to offer it with both hands as a sign of respect and courtesy. This small gesture shows that you value and appreciate the recipient and signifies that the gift is being offered sincerely. Use both hands to hold the gift, and extend it towards the recipient with a smile and a warm greeting.
Avoiding gifts made of pigskin or alcohol
When selecting gifts in Turkey, it is important to be mindful of cultural sensitivities. Avoid choosing gifts made of pigskin or containing alcohol, as these items are not compatible with Islamic customs and beliefs. Opt for items such as Turkish delight, traditional handicrafts, or non-alcoholic beverages instead.
Respecting Religious Practices
Being aware of prayer times and not disturbing worshippers
Turkey is a predominantly Muslim country, and it is essential to be aware of the five daily prayer times. Avoid scheduling activities or making loud noises during prayer times to respect the worshippers’ sacred moments. When visiting mosques, be mindful of ongoing prayers and refrain from taking photographs or engaging in loud conversations.
Covering your head as a sign of respect in certain religious sites
In some religious sites, such as certain mosques or shrines, it may be required or expected to cover your head as a sign of respect. For both men and women, carrying a scarf or a hat that can be easily worn when necessary is advisable. Check the specific guidelines of the religious site you plan to visit to ensure you are appropriately prepared.
Avoiding public displays of affection during Ramadan
Ramadan is a holy month of fasting and reflection for Muslims in Turkey and around the world. During this time, it is important to be sensitive to the cultural and religious practices of fasting individuals. Avoid public displays of affection, eating, or drinking in public during daylight hours out of respect for those observing Ramadan.
Communication and Language
Learning a few basic Turkish phrases
While many Turkish people speak English, making an effort to learn a few basic Turkish phrases can go a long way in fostering meaningful connections and showing respect for the local culture. Learn simple greetings like “Merhaba” (hello) and “Teşekkür ederim” (thank you), and try to use them in your daily interactions. Turkish people appreciate the effort and will be more than happy to help you improve your language skills.
Being aware of local customs and traditions
Every culture has its unique customs and traditions, and Turkey is no exception. Take the time to learn about local customs, such as the Turkish tea culture, traditional Turkish music, or the art of Turkish calligraphy. Showing an interest in and respecting these cultural aspects will help you engage more authentically with the locals and deepen your understanding of Turkish society.
Using a moderate tone when speaking
In Turkish culture, maintaining a moderate and polite tone when speaking is valued. Avoid raising your voice or using aggressive language, even when engaged in a disagreement or negotiation. Speaking calmly and respectfully, even during challenging conversations, is essential in order to maintain effective communication and foster positive relationships.
Tipping and Bargaining
Tipping in restaurants and taxis
Tipping in Turkey is a common practice and is greatly appreciated by service staff. In restaurants, it is customary to leave a 10% to 15% tip, although some establishments may include a service charge on the bill. When taking a taxi, rounding up the fare or adding a small additional amount as a tip is considered polite.
Bargaining in markets and bazaars
Bargaining is an integral part of the shopping experience in Turkish markets and bazaars. However, it is important to approach the bargaining process with respect and fairness. Start by offering a lower price than you are willing to pay and negotiate from there. Remember that the goal is to reach a mutually agreeable price, so maintain a friendly and patient attitude throughout the process.
Being respectful during bargaining processes
While bargaining can be an enjoyable and interactive experience, it is crucial to be respectful to the vendors. Keep in mind that their livelihood depends on these transactions, and offering unrealistically low prices can be disrespectful. Approach bargaining with a positive attitude, appreciate the craftsmanship and effort put into the goods, and show genuine interest in the seller’s products.
Avoiding Controversial Topics
Avoiding discussions about sensitive political issues
Politics can be a sensitive subject in any culture, and Turkey is no exception. To avoid any potential offense or misunderstandings, it is best to avoid engaging in discussions about controversial political topics unless you have a close relationship with the person and are confident in their openness to dialogue.
Respecting different religious beliefs and customs
Turkey is a diverse country with a rich tapestry of religious beliefs and customs. Show respect for these differences by refraining from making derogatory or disrespectful remarks about any religion or religious practices. Embrace the opportunity to learn and understand different perspectives, fostering an atmosphere of tolerance and acceptance.
Engaging in polite dialogue rather than heated arguments
If you find yourself in a conversation where viewpoints differ, it is essential to engage in polite dialogue rather than allowing the conversation to turn into a heated argument. Respectfully listening to others’ perspectives, asking clarifying questions, and sharing your own thoughts in a calm and considerate manner can lead to a more constructive and meaningful exchange of ideas.
Being Mindful of Cultural Differences
Understanding the concept of ‘Insha’Allah’
‘Insha’Allah’ is an Arabic phrase commonly used by Turkish people, which means “if Allah wills.” It conveys the idea that things may be subject to the will of a higher power and that outcomes are not solely in one’s control. Understanding and appreciating this cultural belief will help you navigate conversations and situations more effectively, as it emphasizes acceptance and humility.
Being patient with slower-paced service
In some parts of Turkey, particularly in smaller towns or rural areas, the pace of service may be slower compared to what you may be accustomed to. This is not necessarily a sign of poor service but rather a reflection of the more relaxed and leisurely Turkish way of life. Embrace the opportunity to slow down, be patient, and enjoy the unhurried rhythm of Turkish culture.
Avoiding negative generalizations about Turkish culture
Like any culture, Turkish culture is diverse and multi-faceted. Avoid making negative generalizations about the people, customs, or traditions based on limited experiences or stereotypes. Take the time to engage with locals, embrace diverse perspectives, and appreciate the richness and complexity of Turkish culture.
Being open to new experiences and embracing cultural diversity
One of the most rewarding aspects of traveling to Turkey is the opportunity to immerse yourself in a vibrant and diverse culture. Embrace the chance to try new foods, learn traditional dances, and engage in local customs and traditions. By being open-minded and embracing cultural diversity, you will leave Turkey with a deeper understanding of its people and a wealth of unforgettable experiences.
In conclusion, being aware of local etiquette in Turkey is essential for a respectful and enjoyable visit. From table manners to greetings, personal space to gift-giving, and everything in between, following these guidelines will help you navigate cultural differences, foster positive relationships, and make the most of your time in this beautiful and welcoming country. Embrace the opportunity to learn, share, and connect with the Turkish people, and you will undoubtedly create lasting memories and forge meaningful connections.